# HAND Low-Lying Index (`HAND_Low_Lying_Index_0_1`) — EDIS AI Agent Dataset View

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## 1. Dataset Metadata
- **Raster Name**: HAND Low-Lying Index
- **Slug**: `HAND_Low_Lying_Index_0_1`
- **Units**: `Unitless (Normalized Index: 0–1)`
- **Spatial Extent**: UL(90.125, -180.0) to LR(-90.1219617, 180.1247159)
- **Summary**: The HAND Low-Lying Index is a normalized representation of terrain position derived from the HAND dataset. Values range from 0 to 1, where higher values indicate lower-lying terrain more closely connected to drainage systems and floodplains.

This index highlights areas with increased likelihood of water accumulation and persistent soil saturation.
- **Included in Flagship Map Package**: `Global_ISO9223_2020_2024_LE_V4` (`GET https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/api/bundles/Global_ISO9223_2020_2024_LE_V4/point_query`)

### Color Table & Value Breaks
- `(0.0, (50.0, 205.0, 50.0))`
- `(0.005, (55.2, 210.0, 50.1))`
- `(0.01, (60.4, 215.0, 50.2))`
- `(0.015, (65.6, 220.0, 50.3))`
- `(0.02, (70.8, 225.0, 50.4))`
- `(0.025, (76.0, 230.0, 50.5))`
- `(0.03, (81.2, 235.0, 50.6))`
- `(0.035, (86.4, 240.0, 50.7))`
- `(0.04, (91.6, 245.0, 50.8))`
- `(0.045, (96.80000000000001, 250.0, 50.9))`
- `(0.05, (102.0, 255.0, 51.0))`
- `(0.05, (102.0, 255.0, 51.0))`

<h2>Technical Specifications</h2>

<h3>HAND Low-Lying Index (0–1)</h3>
<p><strong>Global | ~1 km Resolution</strong></p>

<h4>Raster Name</h4>
<p>HAND Low-Lying Index – Normalized (0–1)</p>

<h4>File Name</h4>
<p>HAND_Low_Lying_Index_0_1.tif</p>

<h4>Short Description</h4>
<p>
A normalized global index (0–1) representing the relative degree to which terrain is low-lying and hydrologically connected to drainage systems, derived from Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND).
</p>
<h4>How to Read This Map</h4>
<ul>
  <li>This map highlights <strong>only low-lying terrain</strong> near drainage pathways</li>
  <li><strong>Sparse coverage is expected</strong></li>
  <li>Highlighted areas represent <strong>potential water accumulation zones</strong></li>
  <li>Unhighlighted areas indicate <strong>well-drained or elevated terrain</strong></li>
</ul>

<p><strong>Key Insight:</strong> Only a small portion of the landscape is truly low-lying and prone to water accumulation.</p>
<h4>Units of Measure</h4>
<p>Normalized Index (0–1, dimensionless)</p>

<h4>Technical Specification</h4>
<p>
The HAND Low-Lying Index is a normalized transformation of the HAND (Height Above Nearest Drainage) raster, designed to emphasize terrain most susceptible to water accumulation and saturation.
</p>

<p>
Lower HAND values (closer to drainage elevation) are inverted and scaled to produce higher index values, resulting in a dimensionless representation of hydrologic vulnerability.
</p>

<p>
The transformation converts terrain elevation relative to drainage into a standardized 0–1 scale:
</p>

<p><strong>Low-Lying Index = f (inverse normalized HAND)</strong></p>

<p>
Values approaching 1 represent terrain strongly connected to drainage systems (e.g., floodplains and valley bottoms), while values near 0 represent elevated, well-drained terrain.
</p>

<h4>Key Characteristics</h4>

<ul>
  <li>Derived directly from HAND (Height Above Nearest Drainage)</li>
  <li>Normalized to a 0–1 scale for model integration</li>
  <li>Highlights floodplain and low-lying terrain</li>
  <li>Provides a standardized input for hydrologic exposure modeling</li>
  <li>Strongly correlated with saturation and water retention potential</li>
</ul>

<h4>Spatial Characteristics</h4>

<ul>
  <li><strong>Coordinate System:</strong> GCS_WGS_1984</li>
  <li><strong>Spatial Resolution:</strong> ~1 km</li>
  <li><strong>Coverage:</strong> Global</li>
  <li><strong>Format:</strong> GeoTIFF / web raster</li>
</ul>

<h4>Processing</h4>

<p>
The HAND Low-Lying Index was derived from the HAND raster using normalization and inversion techniques to emphasize low-elevation terrain relative to drainage systems.
</p>

<ul>
  <li>Input: HAND (Height Above Nearest Drainage)</li>
  <li>Global normalization of HAND values</li>
  <li>Inverse scaling to highlight low-lying terrain</li>
  <li>Clipping and smoothing for global consistency</li>
  <li>Export to 0–1 normalized raster format</li>
</ul>

<h4>Interpretation</h4>

<table border="1" cellpadding="6" cellspacing="0">
  <tr>
    <th>Index Value</th>
    <th>General Interpretation</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>0.0 – 0.2</td>
    <td>Elevated, well-drained terrain with minimal hydrologic influence</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>0.2 – 0.5</td>
    <td>Moderately elevated terrain with limited drainage connectivity</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>0.5 – 0.8</td>
    <td>Low-lying terrain with increasing potential for water accumulation</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>0.8 – 1.0</td>
    <td>Floodplain and valley-bottom terrain with strong hydrologic connectivity</td>
  </tr>
</table>

<h4>Role in Pipeline Hydrologic Exposure Model</h4>

<p>
The HAND Low-Lying Index is a primary driver of the Pipeline Hydrologic Exposure Score, translating terrain elevation into a normalized indicator of hydrologic connectivity and water accumulation potential.
</p>

<p>
Higher index values contribute directly to increased exposure scoring by identifying:
</p>

<ul>
  <li>Floodplain environments</li>
  <li>Drainage-connected terrain</li>
  <li>Low-gradient accumulation zones</li>
  <li>Areas prone to persistent soil moisture</li>
</ul>

<p>
This layer supports the derivation of:
</p>

<ul>
  <li>Saturation Potential Index</li>
  <li>Drainage Position Index</li>
  <li>Pipeline Hydrologic Exposure Score (1–100)</li>
  <li>Pipeline Hydrologic Exposure Index (1–7)</li>
</ul>

<h4>Scope and Intended Use</h4>

<ul>
  <li>Identification of floodplain and low-lying terrain</li>
  <li>Hydrologic exposure screening for buried pipelines</li>
  <li>Terrain-driven saturation modeling</li>
  <li>Supporting input for corrosion exposure assessment</li>
  <li>Geospatial environmental analysis</li>
</ul>

<p>
This dataset is intended as a normalized terrain-based hydrologic indicator and should be used as part of a multi-layer exposure model.
</p>

<h4>Related Hydrologic Exposure Datasets</h4>

<h5>Primary Hydrologic Exposure Indices</h5>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/Pipeline_Hydrologic_Exposure_Score_1_100_v14_final">Pipeline Hydrologic Exposure Score (1–100)</a></li>
<li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/Pipeline_Hydrologic_Exposure_Index_1_7_v14_INT_websafe">Pipeline Hydrologic Exposure Index (1–7)</a></li>
</ul>

<h5>Supporting Hydrologic Input Layers</h5>

<ul>
  <li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/HAND_Height_Above_Nearest_Drainage_m">HAND – Height Above Nearest Drainage</a></li>
  <li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/HAND_Low_Lying_Index_0_1">HAND Low-Lying Index</a></li>
  <li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/Saturation_Potential_Index_0_1">Saturation Potential Index</a></li>
  <li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/Drainage_Position_Index_0_1">Drainage Position Index</a></li>
  <li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/River_Influence_20km">River Influence</a></li>
  <li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/Distance_To_River_20km_Geodesic">Distance to River</a></li>
  <li><a href="https://secure.engineeringdirector.com/public/map/Drainage_Index_Normalized_0_1">Drainage Intensity Index</a></li>
</ul>

<h4>Limitations</h4>

<ul>
  <li>This index is derived solely from terrain position relative to drainage.</li>
  <li>It does not account for precipitation, soil properties, or climate variability.</li>
  <li>It does not represent flood depth or flood frequency.</li>
  <li>It does not include engineered drainage systems or local infrastructure.</li>
</ul>

<h4>Legal & Licensing</h4>

<p>
© 2026 AtmosphericIQ LLC and Engineering Director, Inc. All rights reserved.
</p>

<p>
This dataset and associated models are proprietary to AtmosphericIQ LLC and distributed by Engineering Director, Inc.
</p>

<h4>Dataset Citation</h4>

<p>
Mazzella, J. (2026).<br>
<strong>HAND Low-Lying Index (0–1), Global Raster.</strong><br>
AtmosphericIQ LLC / Engineering Director, Inc.
</p>

<p>
Derived from Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) using normalization and inverse terrain transformation techniques.
</p>

---

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